Syncope

Syncope — Internal Medicine

How it begins

Evaluación clínica, mecanismos de autorregulación del flujo sanguíneo cerebral, estratificación de riesgo cardiovascular y terapéutica basada en guías clínicas internacionales.

What it covers

1. Syncope
2. Definition and General Physiopathology
3. · Autoregulation of Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF)
4. · Mechanisms of Acute Hemodynamic Failure
5. Etiological Classification
6. Reflex Syncope (Neural Mediation)
7. · Pathophysiology of Vasovagal Syncope: The Bezold-Jarisch Reflex
8. · Physiological Classification of the Reflex Response
9. · Situational Syncope
10. · Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity (CAH)
11. Pathophysiology of Orthostatic Hypotension (OH)
12. · Physiology of Normal Orthostatic Adaptation
13. · Mechanism of Neurogenic Orthostatic Failure
14. Clinical Variants of Orthostatic Hypotension
15. Pathophysiology of Cardiac Syncope
16. Arrhythmogenic Causes of Syncope
17. · 1. Bradyarrhythmias
18. · 2. Tachyarrhythmias
19. · 3. Channelopathies and Genetic Arrhythmias
20. Structural and Mechanical Cardiac Causes
21. · 1. Calcified Severe Aortic Stenosis
22. · 2. Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HCM)
23. · 3. Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE)
24. Differential Diagnosis of Transient Loss of Consciousness
25. · Psychogenic Pseudosyncope (PSP)
26. Clinical History and Exhaustive Physical Examination
27. · Systematic History by Phases of the Episode
28. · Strict Methodology for Orthostatic Pressure Taking
29. · Carotid Sinus Massage (CSM): Safe Protocol
30. Risk Stratification in Emergencies
31. · Risk Stratification Criteria (ESC Guides 2018)
32. · Clinical Risk Prediction Scales
33. Non-Invasive and Invasive Diagnostic Tests
34. · 1. Tilt Table Test
35. · 2. Continuous Electrocardiographic Monitoring
36. · 3. Electrophysiological Study (EEF)
37. Therapeutic Strategies
38. · 1. Reflex and Vasovagal Syncope
39. · Indication of Pacemaker Stimulation in Reflex Syncope
40. · 2. Syncope due to Orthostatic Hypotension (OH)
41. · 3. Syncope of Cardiac Origin
42. Syncope in Special Populations and Legal Implications
43. · 1. Syncope in the Elderly: The Challenge of Unexplained Falls
44. · 2. Syncope in the Athlete
45. · 3. Legal Regulations and Vehicle Driving