Epistemis

Muscle cramps

Specialty: Musculoskeletal.

  • painful contractures
  • ramp

Why it occurs

  • Exercise/dehydration
  • Ionic alterations (K, Ca, Mg)
  • Drugs (diuretics, statins)
  • Venous insufficiency
  • Hypothyroidism

Initial workup

Ionogram (Na, K, Ca, Mg), kidney and thyroid function; review drugs.

red flags

Generalized cramps with weakness and dark urine → suspicion of rhabdomyolysis.

Standard management

  • Hydration + stretching — basic measurement
  • Correct electrolytes — yes deficit

Educational guidance for study. It is NOT a prescription recommendation. The actual choice depends on the cause, the patient, and current guidelines.

PreviousMechanical joint block
Area
Musculoskeletal
Listed causes
5
Treatment options
2
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