Epistemis

Constipation

Specialty: Gastrointestinal.

  • constipation
  • not defecate

Why it occurs

  • Low fiber/liquid intake
  • Drugs (opioids, anticholinergics)
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Obstruction
  • Immobility

Initial workup

Anamnesis and rectal examination; dismiss alarm; TSH, calcium; colonoscopy if there are red flags.

red flags

Constipation + pain and distension, vomiting and absence of gas → suspicion of obstruction.

Standard management

  • Fiber + hydration — first measure
  • Osmotic laxatives (macrogol/lactulose) — yes insufficient
  • Stimulant laxative — punctual rescue

Educational guidance for study. It is NOT a prescription recommendation. The actual choice depends on the cause, the patient, and current guidelines.

PreviousSteatorrhea
Area
Gastrointestinal
Listed causes
5
Treatment options
3
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