Epistemis

Mane

Specialty: Gastrointestinal.

  • black stools
  • tarry stools

Why it occurs

  • Bleeding peptic ulcer
  • esophageal varicose veins
  • Erosive gastritis / NSAIDs
  • Upper digestive neoplasia

Initial workup

Stabilize; blood count and urea; upper digestive endoscopy.

red flags

Melena with hemodynamic instability: urgency, early endoscopy.

Standard management

  • Proton pump inhibitor IV — omeprazole/pantoprazole in HDA
  • Fluid therapy and assess transfusion — stabilization

Educational guidance for study. It is NOT a prescription recommendation. The actual choice depends on the cause, the patient, and current guidelines.

PreviousReducible inguinal mass
Area
Gastrointestinal
Listed causes
4
Treatment options
2
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