Hematological Pharmacology

Hematological Pharmacology — Expert Reference

How it begins

La hemostasia es el proceso fisiológico que detiene el sangrado tras una lesión vascular, manteniendo simultáneamente la fluidez sanguínea en la vasculatura íntegra. Comprende cuatro fases secuenciales e interdependientes:

What it covers

1. Physiological Hemostasis: Conceptual Framework
2. · 1.1 Primary Vasoconstriction
3. · 1.2 Primary Hemostasis — Platelet Plug
4. · 1.3 Secondary Hemostasis — Coagulation
5. Coagulation Cascade — Cellular Model
6. · 2.1 Initiation Phase (in FT-carrying cells)
7. · 2.2 Amplification Phase (on the platelet surface)
8. · 2.3 Propagation Phase (amplification in platelets)
9. · 2.4 Natural Anticoagulant Systems
10. · 2.5 Fibrinolytic System
11. Unfractionated Heparin (UFH)
12. · Molecular Mechanism of Action
13. Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH)
14. · Pharmacokinetic Advantages over UFH
15. Fondaparinux
16. · Mechanism of Action
17. Vitamin K Antagonists (VKA) — Warfarin
18. · Mechanism of Action: Vitamin K Cycle
19. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs / NOACs)
20. Dabigatran (Pradaxa®)
21. · Mechanism of Action
22. Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®)
23. · Mechanism of Action
24. Apixaban (Eliquis®)
25. · Distinctive Characteristics
26. Edoxaban (Lixiana®, Savaysa®)
27. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid — AAS)
28. · Molecular Mechanism of Action — Irreversibility as the Key
29. P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitors
30. Clopidogrel (Plavix®)
31. · Bioactivation by CYP2C19
32. Prasugrel (Efient®)
33. · Advantages over Clopidogrel
34. Ticagrelor (Brilique®)
35. · Unique Mechanism — Reversible and Non-Competitive Inhibition
36. Cangrelor (Kengreal®)
37. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (αIIbβ3) inhibitors
38. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (PDE)
39. Fibrinolytic Agents (Thrombolytic)
40. · Common Physiopathological Mechanism
41. Alteplase (rt-PA) and Tenecteplase (TNK)
42. · Alteplasa
43. · Tenecteplase (TNK-tPA)
44. Streptokinase (SK)
45. Vitamin K
46. · Forms and Sources
47. · Clinical Indications of Exogenous Vitamin K1
48. Antifibrinolytics: Tranexamic and Aminocaproic Acid
49. · Mechanism of Action
50. Desmopressin (DDAVP, 1-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin)
51. · Hemostatic Mechanism of Action
52. Coagulation Factor Concentrates
53. · Recombinant Factor VIII / Plasma-Derived — Hemophilia A
54. · Factor IX — Hemophilia B
55. · Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC)
56. · Recombinant Factor VIIa (rFVIIa, NovoSeven®)
57. · Fibrinogen Concentrate (RiaSTAP®, Hemocomplettan®)
58. · Activated Prothrombin Complex (aPCC, FEIBA®)
59. Pharmacology of Iron
60. · Physiology of Iron Metabolism
61. Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid
62. · Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
63. · Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)
64. Erythropoietin and Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (that)
65. · Endogenous Erythropoietin
66. · EEA Action Mechanism
67. Colony Stimulating Factors: G-CSF and GM-CSF
68. · G-CSF (Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor)
69. · GM-CSF (Sargramostim — Leukine®)
70. Thrombopoietin Receptor (TPO-R) Agonists
71. · Endogenous thrombopoietin
72. · TPO-R Agonist Drugs
73. · Luspatercept (Reblozyl®)
74. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) — Pharmacological Management
75. · Pathogenesis
76. Sickle cell disease — Hydroxyurea and New Therapies
77. · Mechanism of Action in Sickle Cell Disease
78. · New Therapies in Sickle Cell Disease
79. Anticoagulant Reversal Agents — Comparative Summary
80. · Protamine Considerations
81. · Management of Hemorrhage Without Antidote Available — General Measures
82. Master Table — Comparative Hematological Pharmacology