Pediatric Pharmacology

Pediatric Pharmacology — Expert Reference

How it begins

La Pediatric Research Equity Act (PREA) en EE.UU. y regulaciones equivalentes en Europa requieren estudios en población pediátrica para medicamentos en desarrollo. Sin embargo, muchos fármacos actualmente en uso carecen de estudios formales. La Waivers (exenciones) permiten no estudiar en ciertas poblaciones pediátricas si el mecanismo se entiende bien en adultos.

What it covers

1. Fundamentals of Pediatric Pharmacology
2. · Why Does Specialized Pediatric Pharmacology Matter?
3. Pediatric Age Classification
4. Physiological Development — Maturation of Organs and Systems
5. · Liver
6. · Kidneys
7. · Blood-brain barrier (BBB)
8. · Body Composition
9. · Persistent Fetal Circulation
10. Pediatric Gastrointestinal Absorption PK
11. · Factors Affecting Oral Absorption
12. Tissue Distribution and PK Protein Binding
13. · Body Composition and Volume of Distribution (Vd)
14. · Binding to Plasma Proteins
15. · CNS Penetration
16. Hepatic Metabolism — Cytochromic P450 PK System
17. · Temporary Pediatric CYP Maturation Course
18. Renal Elimination and Conjugation Phase II PK
19. · Glucuronidation — Phase II Immature Metabolism
20. · Sulfation — Compensatory in RN
21. · Pediatric Kidney Function — GFR and Tubular Secretion
22. · Neonatal Serum Creatinine — Careful Interpretation
23. Pediatric Pharmacogenomics Polymorphisms
24. · CYP2D6 — Metabolism of Opioids and Antidepressants
25. · TPMT — 6-Mercaptopurine and Azathioprine Metabolism
26. · G6PDase — Sensitivity to Sulfonamides and Antimalarials
27. Principles of Pediatric Dosing
28. · Three Main Calculation Methods
29. Dosage per Body Surface Area (m²)
30. Clinical Pediatric Cardiovascular Pharmacology
31. · Digoxin in Children
32. · ACE Inhibitors in Children
33. Pharmacology of Antibiotics in Pediatrics
34. · Particularities of Absorption and Distribution in Newborns/Infants
35. · Ototoxicity of Aminoglycosides in Newborns
36. Pediatric Anticonvulsants — Special Pharmacokinetics
37. · Phenytoin (Diphenylhydantoin — Dilantin®)
38. · Valproic Acid — Particular Risks in Pediatrics
39. · Levetiracetam (Keppra®) — Pediatric Safety
40. Pharmacology of Pediatric Analgesia and Sedation
41. · Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) — Neonatal Limitations
42. · Pediatric Ibuprofen — Improved Safety
43. · Pediatric Opioids — Unique Risks
44. · Pediatric Sedation — Midazolam
45. Pharmacology of the Premature and Newborn
46. · Postconceptional Age — The Correct Measure of Maturity
47. · Critical Organic Immaturity
48. · Contraindicated or High Risk Medications in Premature Babies
49. · Chloramphenicol Gray Syndrome — Historical Lesson
50. · Specific Medications for Premature Babies
51. Fundamental Principles of Pediatric Pharmacology