Intensive Care Medicine: Introduction, Physiology of the Critical Patient and Advanced Multisystem Monitoring

Intensive Medicine · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

Un análisis exhaustivo y sistemático de las alteraciones homeostáticas, celulares y microcirculatorias en el estado de shock. Abordaje pormenorizado del monitoreo multiparamétrico invasivo y no invasivo, la dinámica del paciente crítico crónico y las ecuaciones bioenergéticas fundamentales de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.

What it covers

1. Physiology and Monitoring of the Critical Patient
2. Evolution of the ICU and the Concept of the Critical Patient
3. · Historical Origins: From Triage to the Polio Epidemic
4. · The Modern Concept of "Critical Patient"
5. Cellular Pathophysiology and Bioenergetics in Shock
6. · The Electron Transport Chain and the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
7. · Sepsis-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction (Bioenergetic Distortion)
8. Oxygen Transport Dynamics and Lactate Kinetics
9. · Equations and Parameters of Oxygen Transport
10. · The DO₂ / VO₂ Relationship: Pathological Flow Dependence
11. · Lactate Kinetics and Metabolism in Critically Critical Patients
12. The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Microcirculation
13. · The Structure and Function of the Endothelial Glycocalyx
14. · Microcirculation in Sepsis and Shock
15. Immuno-Inflammatory Response and Neuroendocrine Dysfunction
16. · The Double Impact Hypothesis and Coupled Immune Responses
17. · Dysfunction of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: CIRCI
18. Physiology of the Chronic Critical Patient and Acquired Weakness
19. · Definition and Phenotype of the Chronic Critical Patient
20. · Pathophysiology of ICU Acquired Weakness (ICUAW)
21. Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
22. · The Pulmonary Artery Catheter (Swan-Ganz): Principles of Operation
23. · Transpulmonary Thermodilution (PiCCO System)
24. Functional Hemodynamic Monitoring and Critical Echocardiography
25. · Cardiopulmonary Interaction during Mechanical Ventilation
26. · Dynamic Volume Response Predictors
27. · Critical Echocardiography (Focus / POCUS) in the ICU
28. Advanced Respiratory Physiology and Ventilatory Monitoring
29. · Elastic Properties of the Respiratory System
30. · Static Compliance and the Concept of "Driving Pressure"
31. · Pathophysiology of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI)
32. Advanced Neurointensive Monitoring
33. · The Intracranial Pressure Curve (ICP) and Compliance
34. · Transcranial Doppler (TCD) as a Bedside Tool
35. · NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy)
36. Renal Physiology and Perfusion in the Critical Patient
37. · Pathophysiology of Septic AKI: The Paradigm Shift
38. · Biomarkers of Kidney Injury versus Biomarkers of Function
39. Complex Acid-Base Equilibrium (Stewart-Figge Method)
40. · The Three Independent Determinants of pH
41. · Types of Stewart's Alterations in the Critically Ill Patient
42. Metabolism, Nutrition and Endocrine Monitoring
43. · Determination of Energy Requirements: Indirect Calorimetry
44. Multiple Organ Dysfunction and Prognostic Scales
45. · The SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) Scoring System
46. · Comparison of Prognostic Models in the ICU