Emergencies: Acute Chest Pain — Emergency Medicine

Emergency Room · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

Protocolo de actuación, aproximación fisiopatológica, electrocardiografía analítica, biomarcadores de cinética rápida y algoritmos de estratificación clínica para la toma de decisiones críticas en el paciente agudo.

What it covers

1. Acute Chest Pain
2. Definition and Impact in Emergencies
3. · Epidemiology and Healthcare Burden
4. Etiopathogenic Classification
5. · The 6 Deadly Syndromes ("Killer Chest Pain")
6. · Potentially Serious but Not Immediately Fatal Causes
7. · Benign or Self-Limited Causes
8. Triage and Initial Approach
9. · Structured Triage Protocol
10. · Assessment of Hemodynamic Stability
11. Acute Coronary Syndrome (SCA)
12. · Cascade of Ischemia and Cell Death
13. · Coronary Anatomy and its Ischemic Correlation
14. Acute Aortic Syndrome (AAS)
15. · The Three Classic Entities
16. · Anatomical Classification and Its Therapeutic Relevance
17. · Immediate Catastrophic Complications
18. Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE)
19. · Gas Exchange Disorders
20. Esophageal Rupture and Tension Pneumothorax
21. · Tension Pneumothorax: Intrinsic Mechanical Collapse
22. · Boerhaave Syndrome (Spontaneous Esophageal Rupture)
23. Acute Myocarditis and Pericarditis
24. · Acute Pericarditis: Pathophysiology and Pleural Infiltration
25. · Acute Myocarditis: Necrosis due to Immune Mimicry
26. Semiology and Physical Exploration
27. · Pain History: The PQRST Model
28. · Directed Physical Examination in the Critical Patient
29. Critical Electrocardiography
30. · The Anatomy of Myocardial Bypasses and Perfusion
31. · Extreme Risk Patterns Equivalent to STEMI
32. · Other Critical Electrocardiographic Signatures
33. Rapid Kinetics Biomarkers and Imaging Techniques
34. · High Sensitivity Troponin (hs-cTnI / hs-cTnT)
35. · ESC Accelerated Diagnostic Algorithms (0h/1h and 0h/2h)
36. · Critical Imaging Techniques
37. Stratification using Risk Scores
38. · HEART Score: The Emergency Standard for Chest Pain
39. · Stratification in Suspected PE: Wells Criteria and PERC Rule
40. Critical Emergency Pharmacotherapy
41. · 1. Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT)
42. · 2. Acute Anticoagulant Therapy in ACS and PE
43. · 3. Vasoactive and Antihypertensive Drugs for AAS
44. · 4. Narcotic Analgesics and Vasoactive Nitrates for ACS
45. Decision Algorithm and Patient Fate
46. · Criteria for Admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) / Coronary Care Unit (CCU)
47. · Diagnostic and Instrumental Criteria for Safe Discharge from the ED