Epistemis

Confusion / delirium

Specialty: Neurology.

  • disorientation
  • confusional state
  • delirium

Why it occurs

  • Infection (UTI, pneumonia)
  • Drugs/toxins
  • Metabolic or ionic alterations
  • Dehydration
  • [object Object]
  • Abstinence

Initial workup

Capillary blood glucose, ionogram, kidney function, toxins, urinary sediment; CT if there is focality.

red flags

Acute confusion with fever, neurological focality, hypoglycemia or hypoxia → urgent study.

Standard management

  • Treat the cause — pillar of management
  • Haloperidol low dose — serious agitation, occasional use

Educational guidance for study. It is NOT a prescription recommendation. The actual choice depends on the cause, the patient, and current guidelines.

PreviousClonus
Area
Neurology
Listed causes
6
Treatment options
2
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