Epistemis

Hematemesis

Specialty: Gastrointestinal.

  • vomiting blood
  • vomiting on coffee grounds

Why it occurs

  • Peptic ulcer
  • esophageal varicose veins
  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome
  • Erosive gastritis
  • Gastric neoplasia

Initial workup

Stabilize; blood count, coagulation and group; Urgent upper digestive endoscopy.

red flags

Abundant hematemesis with hypotension, tachycardia or melena → upper gastrointestinal bleeding (urgency).

Standard management

  • Intravenous PPI — upper gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Volume reset — stabilize; urgent endoscopy

Educational guidance for study. It is NOT a prescription recommendation. The actual choice depends on the cause, the patient, and current guidelines.

PreviousBicolor stools
Area
Gastrointestinal
Listed causes
5
Treatment options
2
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