Applied Clinical Biochemistry: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Biochemistry · Basic Sciences

How it begins

Análisis exhaustivo de los mecanismos bioquímicos y moleculares del SOP, sus biomarcadores hormonales, metabólicos, inflamatorios y ováricos específicos, con énfasis en criterios diagnósticos, diagnóstico diferencial, comorbilidades y respuesta terapéutica.

What it covers

1. Definition and Epidemiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as an Endocrine-Metabolic Disorder
2. · 1.1 Diagnostic Criteria: History, Evolution and Discordances
3. Molecular Pathophysiology Insulin Resistance, Hyperandrogenism and Dysfunction of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis
4. · 2.1 Insulin Resistance in PCOS: Specific Molecular Mechanisms
5. · 2.2 Hyperandrogenism: Ovarian and Adrenal Origin
6. · 2.3 Dysfunction of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) Axis
7. · 2.4 Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation as a Systemic Amplifier
8. Hormonal Biomarkers LH/FSH, Androgens, SHBG and Free Androgen Index
9. · 3.1 LH, FSH and the LH/FSH Ratio
10. · 3.2 Total and Free Testosterone: The Central Marker of Hyperandrogenism
11. · 3.3 DHEA-S and Androstenedione: Adrenal Androgen Markers
12. · 3.4 SHBG and the Free Androgen Index (FAI)
13. · 3.5 17-OH-Progesterone: Differential Diagnosis with non-Classical HCA
14. · 3.6 Estradiol, Progesterone, Prolactin and TSH
15. Specific Ovarian Biomarkers Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH): The Biochemical Marker of PCOS
16. · 4.1 AMH: Biology, Production and Role in PCOS
17. · 4.2 Inhibin B, Inhibin A and Activin in PCOS
18. Metabolic Biomarkers Insulin, HOMA-IR, OGTT, Lipid Profile and Adipokines
19. · 5.1 Serum Insulin and HOMA-IR: Quantification of Insulin Resistance
20. · 5.2 OGTT, HbA1c and the Glycemic Spectrum in PCOS
21. · 5.3 Lipid Profile: The Atherogenic Dyslipidemia of PCOS
22. · 5.4 Adipokines: Leptin, Adiponectin and Resistin in PCOS
23. Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress hsCRP, Cytokines, PAI-1 and Markers of Oxidative Damage
24. · 6.1 Inflammatory Biomarkers in PCOS
25. · 6.2 Oxidative Stress in PCOS
26. Biochemical Differential Diagnosis Hormonal Panel to Exclude Pathologies that Simulate PCOS
27. Comorbidities and Long-Term Risks T2DM, Cardiovascular Risk, Endometrium and Mental Health
28. · 8.1 Risk of DM2 and Metabolic Syndrome
29. · 8.2 Cardiovascular Risk: Subclinical Biomarkers
30. · 8.3 Oncological Risk: Endometrial Hyperplasia and Carcinoma
31. · 8.4 Mental Health and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
32. Treatment and Therapeutic Response Follow-up Biomarkers: Metformin, Inositol, OAC and Lifestyle Change
33. · 9.1 Lifestyle Change: The First Line Treatment
34. · 9.2 Metformin: Biochemical Mechanism and Response Biomarkers
35. · 9.3 Inositol: Biochemistry and Evidence
36. · 9.4 Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs): Effects on Biomarkers
37. Emerging and Future Biomarkers Kisspeptin, microRNAs, Metabolomics and Precision Medicine in PCOS
38. · 10.1 Kisspeptin: The Neuropeptide Regulator of the HPO Axis
39. · 10.2 Circulating microRNAs: Epigenetic Biomarkers of PCOS
40. · 10.3 Metabolomics and Proteomics: Molecular Fingerprint of PCOS
41. · 10.4 Pentraxin 3 and Other Emerging Vascular Biomarkers
42. · Integrative Synthesis: PCOS as a Paradigm of Applied Clinical Biochemistry