Clinical Biochemistry — The PD-1/PD-L1 Axis

Biochemistry · Basic Sciences

How it begins

Una disección exhaustiva de la vía de co-inhibición de los puntos de control inmunitario. Desde la topografía estructural de los dominios IgV hasta la señalización intracelular mediada por las fosfatasas SHP-2, los mecanismos metabólicos del agotamiento linfocitario, la farmacología de los anticuerpos terapéuticos y la estandarización analítica de los biomarcadores histopatológicos y genómicos en el laboratorio…

What it covers

1. Introduction and Historical Discovery
2. Structural Biology of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2
3. · 1. The PD-1 Receiver (CD279)
4. · 2. PD-L1 Ligand (B7-H1, CD274)
5. · 3. PD-L2 Ligand (B7-DC, CD273)
6. · Biophysics of the Binding Interface and Cis-Trans Interaction
7. Cellular and Tissue Expression and their Gene Regulation
8. · Epigenetic Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications
9. Immunological Synapse and Molecular Mechanism of Action
10. Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Co-inhibition
11. · 1. Preferential dephosphorylation of CD28
12. · 2. Dephosphorylation of TCR Complex Components
13. · 3. Inhibition of Downstream Signal Transduction Cascades
14. Metabolic Effects and Induction of Lymphocyte Exhaustion
15. · 1. Blockade of the Glycolytic Switch by PD-1
16. · 2. Lymphocyte Exhaustion (T-Cell Exhaustion)
17. Peripheral Immune Tolerance and Autoimmunity
18. · Clinical Lessons from Genetic Knockout Models
19. The Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Evasion
20. · Immune Evasion Mechanisms through the PD-1 / PD-L1 Pathway
21. Pharmacology of Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI)
22. · 1. Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibodies
23. · 2. Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibodies
24. Biomarkers: Diagnosis by Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
25. · Clinical Scoring Algorithms (Scoring Methodologies)
26. Genomics and Emerging Biomarkers
27. Molecular Resistance Mechanisms
28. Toxicology: Immunity-Related Adverse Events (irAEs)
29. Future Perspectives and New Research Frontiers