Motor Systems — Neurosciences

Neurosciences · Basic Sciences

How it begins

La generación de movimientos coordinados y dirigidos a un objetivo requiere la interacción armónica de múltiples estructuras del sistema nervioso central (SNC), organizadas de forma jerárquica y en paralelo.

What it covers

1. Hierarchical and Parallel Organization of the Motor System
2. · Hierarchical Control Structure
3. · The Motor Unit and Recruitment
4. The Spinal Cord and Spinal Reflexes
5. · Alpha motor neurons ($\alpha$) and Gamma ($\gamma$)
6. · Reflex Circuits and Interneurons
7. · Central Pattern Generators (CPGs)
8. Descending Pathways of the Brain Stem
9. · Ventromedial Control and Postural Maintenance
10. · The Lateral System and the Rubrospinal Bundle
11. The Motor Cortex and the Corticospinal Pathway
12. · Motor Areas and Penfield's Homunculus
13. · Path and Decussation of the Corticospinal Tract
14. Basal Ganglia: Control and Modulation Circuits
15. · The Direct, Indirect and Hyperdirect Circuits
16. · Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Signaling
17. The Cerebellum: Quality Control and Motor Learning
18. · Functional Anatomy and Deep Nuclei
19. · Cortical Microcircuit and Long-Term Depression (LTD)
20. The Oculomotor System
21. · Mechanics and Classification of Eye Movements
22. · Brainstem Integrative Centers
23. Pathophysiology of Motor Disorders
24. · Differentiation Semiology: First vs. Second Motoneuron
25. · Pathophysiology of the Basal Ganglia
26. · Pathophysiology of Cerebellar Syndromes
27. Electrophysiological Diagnosis of the Motor System
28. · Needle Electromyography (EMG)
29. · Nervous Conduction Studies (NCS)
30. · Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
31. Pharmacology of Motor Systems
32. · Therapeutics in Parkinson's Disease
33. · Spasmolytic and Relaxing Pharmacotherapy
34. · Blockade of the Neuromuscular Junction by Botulinum Toxin
35. Clinical Cases of Integration and Pearls of Neuroanatomy
36. · Highly Complex Clinical Cases
37. · High Performance Physiological Mnemonics